Sasak House

Sasak tribes is a native and ethnic majority in Lombok, NTB. As indigenous peoples, tribes have Sasak culture system as recorded in the book of essays Nagara Kartha Gama master Nala from Majapahit. In the book, the Sasak tribe called "Sak-Sak Lomboq Adhi Mirah." If the currently authored the book Sasak tribe has a culture of sustainable systems, the ability to still exist until now, this is one proof that the tribe is able to protect and preserve traditional .

One form of proof of Sasak culture is a form of building custom homes. House is not just a place to multifunction occupancy, but also have aesthetic and philosophical messages of its inhabitants, both the architecture and layout space. Sasak traditional houses on the roof shaped like a mountain, dive to the bottom with a range of about 1.5 to 2 meters above the ground. Roof and bubungannya (BUNGUS) made of beams, walls of woven bamboo, only has one small and no windows. Columns (kernel) is divided into Inan bale (holding area) which includes bale out (sleeping) and bale palace be a place to store wealth, the mother gave birth to space once before the buried corpse burried space. Dalem bale space equipped divan, kitchen, and sempare (a place to store food and other household appliances) are made from bamboo size 2 x 2 meters square or rectangular can. Furthermore there is sesangkok (living room) and the entrance to the pan. Between the bale and bale out the door and stairs palace there (three places) and the form of a mixture of ground floor with buffalo dung or horse, rubber and straw ash. Terraces, terraces (steps), used as a bridge between rural and bale bale palace.

Another thing that quite interesting to note from home Sasak traditional development patterns. In building the house, the Sasak adapt to the needs of family or group will not. That is, development is not just to mememenuhi family needs but also the needs of the group. Because the concept is, the housing complex Sasak culture appears regularly as harmonious life reflects the local population. Lombok traditional house form developed during the reign of the Karang Asem (17th century), in which the architecture of Bali Lombok married to architecture. In addition to shelter, the house also has an aesthetic, philosophical, and simple life of the residents in the past that rely on natural resources as a daily maintenance cost, as well as the development of the house. The floor of the house is a mixture of clay, rubber tree and darkvictory Banten (local term), plus the existing coke batteries in the rocks, ashes of burnt straw, then oiled with buffalo dung or horse at the top floor. Material to the floor of the house serves as gluten, also use to avoid the floor is not moist. Flooring materials to be used, by the people at Dusun Sade, considering buffalo dung or cow can not bersenyawa with clay which is the type of soil in the orchard.

Sasak traditional home construction was presumably associated with the Islamic perspective. Of stairs last three is the symbol of the human life cycle: birth, grow, and die. Also as batih family (father, mother, and children), or four-poster berugak symbol of Islam: Holy Quran, Hadith, Ijma, Qiyas). Junior and senior children in the age determined the location of his house. Parents' home at the highest level, followed by the eldest and youngest daughter was in the rock bottom. This is a teaching of moral values ​​that the sister in the attitude and acts should be the role models sister. The house facing east on the old symbolic meaning that it first receive / enjoy the warm morning sun rather than the young physically stronger. It also could mean, so leave the house to work and earn a living, people wish they had pleased God through the prayers of them, and it was noted that the door of his house facing east or opposite to the direction of the sun (west / test). Guests even have to stoop when entering a relatively short doors. Perhaps the bow position was indirectly hinted an existing ethics or honor to the host from the guest.

Then the barn, but to teach its citizens to live prudently and not extravagant for logistics stocks stored therein, can only be taken at certain times, such as once a month. Logistic materials (rice and palawija) shall not be dikuras out, but disisakan for urgent need, such as failing to anticipate harvest due to weather and crop damaging animals attack or material to provide syukuran if there is a family member died.

Berugak that is in front of the house, as well as a tribute to the things which the Lord, also serves as a living, receiving guests, also a control tool for the local people. For example, if you arrive at nine in the morning still sitting in berugak and do not leave home to work in the fields, farms, and farms, perhaps he is ill.

Since the process of planning a house built, the role of women or wife come first. For example, the distance usuk bamboo roof frame as wide as the head of the wife, the high storage kitchen tool (sempare) must be accomplished wife's arm, but the width of the body-sized door wife. To develop and rehabilitate the house done in mutual assistance in spite of food, the following building materials, provided by the host.

In the Sasak people, home is in the dimension of the sacred (holy) and the profane world) simultaneously. This means that traditional Sasak house as well as a shelter and gather the family members is also a place sacred rituals fulfilled as a manifestation of confidence in God, ancestral spirits (papuk blocks) bale (house spirits). Changes in the knowledge society, the increasing number of residents and changes in many other external factors (such as safety factors, geographical, and topographical) causes changes in the functional and physical form of the custom house. Nevertheless, the concept of development, such as architecture, layout, and retains the characteristic pattern is based on traditional philosophical values ​​which are transmitted from generation to generation.

Time and Location Selection

To get started building the house, find the appropriate time, be guided on the board warige who came from Adam and Tajul Tapel almanac Muluq. Not everyone has the ability to determine a good day, usually people who want to build a house to ask the customary leaders. Sasak people of Lombok believe that a good time to start building the house is in the third and twelfth month of the Sasak removal, which is the month Rabiul Awal and Muharram in the Islamic calendar. There is also and determines based on the names of people who will build the house. While most avoided months (abstinence) to build the house was in the month of Muharram and Ramadlan. In the second of this month, according to the faith community, houses built tend to invite disaster, such as disease, fire, confidential Rizqi, and so on.

Besides the question of a good time to start development, the Sasak are also selective in determining the location of the home stand. They believe that the incorrect location may result in less favorable to dedicate it. For example, they will not be developed on the former fireplace tumah, former landfills, the former pit, and the position of the road or rails GUBUG skewers. In addition, the Sasak people will not build a house opposite to the direction and size different from the first house there. According to them, violates the concept of an act against the taboo (maliq-lenget).

While the material needed to build the house, among others: the wooden brackets, bamboo, woven from bamboo for the walls, straw and coarse grass used for roofing, kotaran buffalo or horses as a mixture of materials to stiffen the floor, rubber tree and darkvictory Banten , ashes of straw, used as a mixture to stiffen the floor.

Rumah Betang

Rumah Betang is the typical traditional house found in various parts of Kalimantan, especially in upstream areas which usually becomes the center of the Dayak tribe settlements, where the river is the main transport pathway for the Dayak to perform a variety of mobility of everyday life like going to work to the fields where Dayak tribe fields are usually far from residential areas, or perform trade activities (the ancient Dayak tribes usually trade using the barter system with the mutual exchange of fields, orchards and livestock).

Special Interest forms and large houses will vary in different places. There are houses that reach lengths of Special Interest 150 meters wide and up to 30 meters. Special Interest Generally houses built in the form of a stage with a height of three to five feet off the ground. Special Interest tall building, I expect to avoid flooding during the rainy season that threatened areas upriver in Borneo. Some residential units can have more than one Special Interest houses hanging fruit the size of the household members of the residential community. Each household (family) occupies the chamber (room) that the barriers of a large house the Special Interest, in addition to the general Dayak tribes also have single houses built temporarily to perform agricultural activities, it is because awaydistances between fields with the settlement.

More than a building for residential Dayak tribe, Special Interest actual house is the heart of the social structure of the life of the Dayak people. Special Interest culture is a reflection of the togetherness in the daily life of the Dayak people. Special Interest in the house is every individual's life in households and communities are systematically arranged by mutual agreement set forth in the customary law. Common security, both from criminal interference or sharing food, the joys and sorrows as well as mobilization of manpower to work the fields. The main value that stands out in his home life is the value of togetherness Special Interest (communalism) among the citizens who inhabit it, regardless of the differences they have. From here we learn that the Dayak tribe is a tribe that respects difference. Appreciate the differences in ethnic Dayak tribe, religion or social background.

Honai House

Papua is home Honai typical inhabited by the Dani. Honai houses made of wood with a conical roof made of straw or reeds. Honai has a small door and no windows. Actually, the structure was built Honai narrow or small, windowless intended to withstand the cold mountains of Papua.

Honai consists of two floors of the first floor as a bed and a second floor for a place to relax, eat, and do crafts. Due to built 2 floor, Honai has approximately 2.5 meters high. In the middle of the house prepared a place for a bonfire to warm themselves. Honai house is divided into three types, namely for men (called Honai), women (called Ebei), and pigsty (called Wamai)

Honai ordinary house inhabited by 5 to 10 people. Honai house in one building used for a place to rest (sleep), other buildings for dining together, and the third building to the cattle pens. Houses Honai generally divided into two levels. Ground floor and first floor are connected by stairs from bamboo. The men slept on the ground floor in a circle, while the women slept on the floor

Inside the house Honai or Ebei, look no single household. Honai indeed be a home for people in the township Wamena. But for the beds, they only use dry grass as the base. Alas it will be replaced with new grass taken from the field or garden, if you've seen dirty. Inside Honai also no chairs or tables, they make the floor of the house made of soil as a cushion.

Inside the house Honai also no electric lights. For lighting, they make fire by digging the soil in the bottom floor of the house to be a furnace. Because Honai has no windows and illumination only from the fire, the atmosphere in the house will feel more and more dark when night falls.

In a housing complex occupied by one family and there are several Honai. The number indicates the number of wives Honai there, here found many men of more than one wife in particular tribal chiefs or Ondoafi.

Coto Makassar

Coto Makassar or Coto Mangkasara is a traditional food of Makassar, South Sulawesi. These foodsmade ​​from offal (entrails) beef simmered in a long time. Mixed offal stew beef is then sliced ​​andseasoned with specially blended spices. Coto served in a bowl and eaten with rice cake and "burasa".Currently Coto Mangkasara already spread to various regions in Indonesia, starting at street stalls torestaurants. And planned to begin in November 2008 Coto Makassar will be one of the menu onGaruda Indonesia domestic flights to and from Makassar.

Rawon

Rawon is a traditional culinary heritage of East Java. Rawon a meat soup with a distinctive flavor, made with kluwek (Achariaceae). Rawon is a traditional food which is common in all regions of East Java and Central Java community east (Surakarta).

Rawon usually served with beef in a typical plate of white rice and warm. Moreover, ordinary people eat bean sprouts rawon with short spiked sauce, and salted eggs.

To make the traditional dishes that had national, spice consisting of onion, garlic, coriander, turmeric, chilli, kluwek, salt, and refined vegetable oils especially dahullu. Meanwhile, cut meat into small pieces. Blends that have been mashed, then sauteed until fragrant, with added lemon grass and galangal. After the distinctive fragrant scent of spices stir, drain stir the seasoning.

Kuah rawon obtained from boiled water Dading obtained before the meat is cut into pieces. The broth is then cooked again with seasonings and add the chops stir. When this process, the typical dark color comes from kluwek rawon beginning to show.

Feature

Rawon flavor is very distinctive flavors representing the country that are rich in spices and fragrant aroma. A plate rawon usually eaten during the day or night, and usually served separately with warm rice.

A distinctive feature is its presentation of Rawon with sauce of chili and onions, as well as short sprouts. Without short bean sprouts, rawon will tersa tasteless, because bean sprouts are what caused the short and sweet crunchy flavor in every bite rawon.

Another peculiarity is owned rawon because this dish can be one symbol of Javanese culture. Rawon often dubbed as a soup of black (black soup) from Java. When most of the soup is served in clear soup or watery, serving soup in a soup rawon jet black.

In addition to the privilege of flavor, rawon making process also requires high precision in order to balance the spices, such as kluwek, hazelnut, lime leaves, bay leaves, lemongrass, and shallots. Errors in the blended herbs and spices madankan all of which have a distinctive aroma and flavor, the problem is not easy. Therefore, although the ingredients together, not necessarily rawon produced has the same flavor.

Rawon is the nation's culinary heritage that should be preserved. Today the emerging creativity of the development of various taste rawon. Rawon now no longer appear conventional. Now, there rawon beef ribs, oxtail rawon, rawon lung, tongue rawon, rawon spleen, and so on. Everything is mixed in the glow of a black sauce with savory truly unforgettable.

Location

Rawon now you can enjoy in various regions in Java, especially East Java Province. Almost all the districts in East Java has a shop or restaurant rawon his trademark. Hence the popularity of that, rawon also be enjoyed in other cities outside the province of East Java, including Jakarta, Bandung and Surakarta.

Sate (Satay)

Sate or satay or sometimes written satai is food made ​​from pieces of meat (chicken, goats, sheep,cows, pigs, fish, etc.) are cut into small pieces, and pinned with satay puncture is usually made ​​ofbamboo, then burnt using charcoal embers. Sate is then presented with a variety of seasonings(depends on satay recipe variations). 

Sate known from Java, Indonesia, but the sate is also popular in Southeast Asian countries such asMalaysia, Singapore, Philippines and Thailand. Satay is also popular in the Dutch-influenced cuisine of Indonesia which was once a colony. Japanese version is called yakitori. 

Satay recipes and how to manufacture a wide range of dependent variations and recipes of eachregion. Almost all types of meat can be made sate. As the country origin of satay, Indonesia has arich satay recipe variations, see the list of satay.

Usually the satay sauce. This sauce can be soy sauce, peanut sauce, or the other. To sate the duckpond full menu is satay, peanut sauce or sweet spices spicy seasoning (according to taste) and slices of tomato and cucumber. Then sate eaten with warm rice or, if in some areas served with rice cake.Sate sometimes eaten with rice cake.

Origin

Sate allegedly created by the street food trade in Java around the beginning of the 19th century,based on the fact that satay was popularized in the early 19th century, along with the increasing number of immigrants from Arabia to Indonesia. It is also the reason for the popularity of the use ofgoat and sheep meat as an ingredient sate favored by people of Arab descent.

Type

According to the material type of meat skewers

satay chicken, satay pufferfish, satay lamb, scallop satay, satay bat (made ​​of buffalo meat), kebabsflies (made ​​from mutton or chicken), sate lembat, pins satay, beef satay, shrimp satay, pork satay,satay rabbit, young egg satay, sate torpedo, pork satay, sate jamu, turtle satay, satay snail, snake satay.

By region 

Banjar satay, satay Betawi, Blora satay, sate Madura, Maranggi satay, satay Matang, Padang satay,satay Ponorogo, Tegal satay.

Rumah Gadang (Gadang House)

Houses gadang a Minangkabau traditional house. Gadang house has features that are very typical.The form is essentially a rectangular beam that expands upward. Melintangnya sharp curved linesand ramps in the middle of the lower. Curved roof of his house is very sharp like buffalo horns, while the curved body and home ramps like the hull. Roof made ​​of palm fiber. Form a curved roof andpointed upward is called gonjong. Because of its roof form gonjong, then the house is also homegadang bagonjong.

Gadang which form the roof like a buffalo horn is often associated with stories Tambo MinangkabauAlam. The story of victory in the event of Minang people fighting against the Javanese buffalo.

The forms resemble buffalo horns are very commonly used in the Minangkabau, either as symbol orthe jewelry. One of them in traditional clothes, namely tingkuluak tanduak (tengkuluk horn) toBundo Kanduang.

The origins of house gadang also often associated with travel stories Minangkabau ancestors. The legend says gadang Minangkabau house body shape that resembles a ship's body is to imitate theform of boat Minangkabau ancestors during the first. Boat ancestor is known as presumptuous.

According to the story, this sassy ancestors originally sailed into the upper Batang Kampar. After arriving in an area, the passengers and crew climbed ashore. This sassy also drawn to the land so as not decomposed by the water stream.

Presumptuous then supported by the timber to stand strong. Then, it was presumptuous to hang the screen on the roof with a rope attached to the pole presumptuous. Furthermore, because the screen is hanging very heavy, rope-rope to form arches that resemble gonjong. This presumptuous to make a temporary shelter. Furthermore, the passenger boat makes a dwelling house that resembles thosepresumptuous. Once the ancestors of the Minangkabau of this spread, the form continues to bepresumptuous that bergonjong as the characteristic shape of their home. Given thesecharacteristics, among them even his descendants become easier to recognize each other. They willeasily find out that the house had belonged to their relatives gonjong originating from the samesassy landed on the edge of Batang Kampar.

The sections in the House Gadang Minangkabau

Minangkabau traditional house is called house gadang is because the size of this house is big. Great in the Minangkabau language is gadarig. So, home gadang means big house. The inside of the house is aroom off the large sieve, except the bedroom. The room is off the main room consisting of taperingand space that is marked by poles. Pole house gadang berbanjar from the face to the back or from leftto right. Berbanjar mast from front to back mbnandai tapering, while the pole of right now to mark the space. So-called tapering is the room from front to back. The rooms are lined up from left to rightis called space.

Number of tapering depends on the big house. Usually the amount of tapering is two, three, fourclans. Number of rooms usually consist of an odd number between three and eleven. Gadang housesize depending onamount lanjarnya.

As a big house, then in the house there was gadang parts that have special functions. Another part of the house is the large sieve under the floor. This section is called the pit of a house gadang. Gadangunder the house is quite high and wide. These pools are usually used as a storehouse of agriculturalequipment or used as a women's weaving. All parts of this pit covered with a latticed ruyung rare.

Gadang house wall made ​​of wood, except the back of the bamboo. The wall board is installedvertically. At each connection board framed. All boards are filled with carvings. Sometimes the poleis in the well carved. Thus, ukirang is the dominant decoration in the home building gadangMinangkabau. Carvings here are not associated with beliefs that are sacred, but only as valuableworks of art decoration.